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TR5100 FM Transceiver IC
the wireless IC company
HiMARK Technology, Inc. reserves the right to change the product described in this datasheet. All information contained in this datasheet is subject to change without prior notice. HiMARK Technology, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits shown in this datasheet.
Description
The TR5100 is a low power FM transceiver IC consisting of a receiver and a transmitter on a single chip. The receiver down converts an RF FM signal through an off-chip filter to IF frequency and then performs quadrature demodulation. IF filtering is performed by an off-chip filter. A speaker amplifier provides the capability of driving an off-chip class AB output stage which feeds audio signal to an external speaker. In addition, it allows the user to adjust speaker gain through a feedback function. A MUTE output is provided such that an RSSI current may be externally low-passed to provide a mute/disable function to the receiver audio in case of a weak received signal. Receiving an audio input from a microphone, the transmitter amplifies and performs FM modulation onto a Colpitts oscillator output by way of a variable reactance circuit. The frequency of the signal is then up converted by an on-chip trippler to three times high as the RF output. The output is then sent to an antenna through an off-chip filter. A build-in feedback function in the microphone amplifier allows adjustment of its gain. In addition, an oscillation function is featured to enable paging of its transceiver mate by way of an external switch. The frequency range of the TR5100 radio frequencies is from 15MHz to 150MH. It may by supported by simply choosing the appropriate external components. The transmitter and receiver oscillators require 2 crystals to clamp the TX and RX frequencies.
Features
Fully integrated transceiver TX and RX operate in full duplex (FDD) Automotive temperature range TQFP 32L package (7mm x 7mm)
Applications
One/Two Way Walkie Talkie Hands-free Elder/Baby Monitor
Page 1
June 2001
TR5100
the wireless IC company
Block Diagram
REG OUT SPK AF OUT IN VSS SPK SPK SPK MIC OUT+ OUT- IN+
RSSI
32
RX OSCB RX OSCE VCC RX VSS RX RX IN+ RX INIF OUT
31
30
29
28
27
26
25 24 MIC
IN-
1 2
Regulator
+ SPK Amp
+Mic Amp
RXOSC
23 OUT 22 IN
Mute Variable Reactance MOD
MIC
3 4
Mixer
21 VR 20 VR
OUT OSCB TX TX
5 6 7
IF Amp Demodulator Limiter TX Buffer TX Trippler BandGap Reference TX OSC
19 TX
18 OSCE 17 OUTB 16
LIMIN 8
9
VSS LIM
10
11
12
13
14
15
VCC TX
LIM LIM LIM DEC1 DEC2 OUT
QUAD VSS TX
TX OUTC
Page 2
June 2001
TR5100
the wireless IC company
Package and Pin Assignment: 32L, TQFP
TXOSCE TXOSCB
TXOUTB
MICOUT
2 3
VROUT
VR MODIN
2 2 2 1
MICIN2 4
2 0
1 9
1 8
1 7 16
MICIN+ SPKOUTSPKOUT+ VSSSPK SPKIN AFOUT RSSI REGOUT
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TXOUTC VCCTX VSSTX QUAD LIMOUT LIMDEC2 LIMDEC1 VSSLIM
HiMARK TR5100
15 14 13 12 11 10 9
RXOSCB
RXOSCE
VSSRX VCCRX
RXIN+
IFOUT RXIN-
LIMIN
Dimensions in mm Symbols MIN.
A A1 A2 b C D1 D E1 E e L L1 1 ccc --0.05 0.95 0.3 0.09 6.90 8.80 6.90 8.80 --0.45 --0 ---
Dimensions in inch MAX.
1.20 0.15 1.05 0.45 0.20 7.10 9.20 7.10 9.20 --0.75 --7 0.10
NOM.
----1.00 0.37 --7.00 9.00 7.00 9.00 0.80(typ.) 0.60 1.00(ref.) 3.5 ---
MIN.
--0.002 0.037 0.011 0.003 0.271 0.346 0.271 0.346 --0.018 --0 ---
NOM.
----0.039 0.015 --0.275 0.354 0.275 0.354 0.03(typ.) 0.024 0.039(ref.) 3.5 ---
MAX.
0.047 0.006 0.041 0.018 0.008 0.279 0.362 0.279 0.362 --0.029 --8 0.004
Page 3
June 2001
TR5100
the wireless IC company
Pin Descriptions
Number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Name
RXOSCB RXOSCE VCCRX VSSRX RFIN+ RFINIFOUT LIMIN VSSLIM LIMDEC1 LIMDEC2 LIMOUT QUAD VSSTX VCCTX TXOUTC TXOUTB TXOSCE TXOSCB VROUT VR MODIN MICOUT MICINMICIN+ SPKOUTSPKOUT+ VSSSPK SPKIN AFOUT RSSI REGOUT
I/O
I/O I/O POWER GND I I O I GND I/O I/O O I/O GND POWER O O I/O I/O O I/O I O I I O O GND I O O O
Description
Receiver Oscillator tank connection B Receiver Oscillator tank connection E Positive voltage supply of RX Receiver VSS Mixer input A (requires external ac decoupling capacitor) Mixer input B (requires external ac decoupling capacitor) IF amplifier output Limiter input Limiter VSS Limiter feedback A Limiter feedback B Limiter output Demodulator tank connection Transmitter VSS Positive voltage supply of TX Transmitter output - C Transmitter output - B Transmitter Oscillator tank connection E Transmitter Oscillator tank connection B Variable Reactant output Variable Reactant I/O pin Transmitter modulator I/P pin Microphone amp output Microphone input Microphone input + Speaker output Speaker output + Speaker VSS Speaker-amp input Demodulator output RSSI output Regulator output
Page 4
June 2001
TR5100
the wireless IC company
Absolute Maximum Ratings
VSS = 0V
Parameter Supply voltage Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Soldering temperature range Soldering time range Symbol VCC TOPR TSTG TSLD tSLD Rating VSS - 0.5 to VSS + 6.0 -10 to 60 -40 to 125 255 10 Unit V
C C C
s
Recommended Operating Conditions
VSS = 0V
Value Parameter Supply voltage range Receive RF carrier range Transmit RF carrier range Receive IF range Transmit modulation deviation Operating temperature Symbol min. VCC FRX FTX FIF FDEV TA -10 2.7 15 15 455 3 25 5 60 typ. 3.0 max. 3.3 150 150 V MHz MHz KHz KHz Unit
C
Page 5
June 2001
TR5100
the wireless IC company
Transmitter & Receiver Characteristics
(VCC = 2.7 to 3.3V, VSS = 0V, TA = -10 to 60C, FIF = 455KHz, unless otherwise noted)
Value Parameter Symbol Condition min. FMOD = 1 KHz, FDEV = 3 KHz, SINAD = 12 dB At filter antenna port PTX At IC Pin 16 typ. max. Unit
Receiver Sensitivity
-100
dBm
Transmitter Output Power
-20
dBm
Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = 2.7 to 3.3V, VSS = 0V, TA = -10 to 60C, FIF = 455KHz, unless otherwise noted)
Value Parameter RX & TX RX Operating Current TX Operating Current IF Filter Port Impedance Speaker Amplifier
(Unless otherwise specified, all parameter must be satisfied with both 6 and 16 speaker load and gain adjust pot set to max gain)
Symbol
Condition min. typ. max.
Unit
ICC, RX ICC, TX
MUTE ON Trippler Output power > -20 dBm At FIF 1.5
12 10
mA mA
Gain 3dB Passband
GSPK fSA,L fSA,H THD
Open Loop
40 0.3 3.0
dB KHz KHz 10 %
Total Harmonic Distortion Maximum Output Voltage Swing
Delivered to 32 load Delivered to 32 load VCC= 3.0 V VCC= 2.5 V 1.0 0.5
VSWING
VP-P
Mic-Amplifier Voltage Gain 3dB Passband GMIC fMA,L fMA,H Open Loop 30 0.3 3.0 dB KHz KHz
Page 6
June 2001
TR5100
the wireless IC company
Functional Description
Mixer The mixer features a double-balanced configuration and incorporates an AC-coupled input. It is designed to work up to 150MHz. It can be used in differential or single ended mode by connecting the input pin "RFIN-" to ground through an 1uF capacitor. TX & RX Oscillators Both are Colpitts oscillators. The on-chip transistor operates with a crystal and LC resonant elements up to 150MHz. Series resonant and overtone crystal are used to achieve excellent local oscillator stability. Using an overtone crystal to enhance operation, the internal transistor bias is increased by adding an external resistor from "RXOSCE" to ground. Typically, -10dBm of local oscillator drive is needed to adequately drive the mixer. (please refer to the application circuit) IF amplifier The IF amplifier is a differential-input, single-ended output emitter-coupled pair. It is used to provide additional gain for reducing the influence of noise from the succeeding limiter amplifier on the total receive noise figure. The output of the IF amplifier is buffered and has an impedance is 1.5K. When using 455KHz ceramic filter with source and load impedance of 1.5K, no external matching is needed. RSSI The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) output is a current proportional to the log of the received signal amplitude. The RSSI current output is derived by summing currents from limiting amplifier stages. The RSSI output current creates a voltage across an external resistor at pin 31. Limiter The limiting amplifier consists of several dc-coupled amplifier stages. The fixed internal input impedance is 1.5K. The total gain of the limiting amplifier section is approximately 75dB. Demodulator Following the limiting amplifier, is the demodulator. The demodulator is a double-balanced four-quadrant multiplier with an external 10pF quadrature capacitor between "LIMOUT" & "QUAD". The external capacitor value may be increased to increase the IF signal at the external parallel RLC resonant circuit which provides the 90 degree phase shift and drives the quadrature detector. A single pin "QUAD" is for the external LC parallel resonant network connecting to the quadrature detector. Mute The mute circuit is controlled by the RSSI voltage which detects received signal strength. If the incoming signal is weak, then the mute circuit would disable the demodulator and speaker amp output.
Page 7
June 2001
TR5100
the wireless IC company
Speaker Amp After demodulation, audio signal can be obtained from the pin "AFOUT". That signal swing however is very small, and an operational amplifier must be added to increase the signal swing. The Speaker Amp gain can be adjusted by applying external resistive feedback. A class AB output buffer have to be added at the output of the Speaker Amp "SPKOUT+" & "SPKOUT-" to decrease distortion of the audio signal. Bandgap Reference A bandgap reference provides precise biasing of the entire chip over temperature. Mic-Amp The Mic-Amp is used to increase the swing of input audio signal which could be limited by two diodes in 1.4VPP. The Mic-Amp gain can also be adjusted by applying external resistive feedback. Variable Reactance A varactor is featured in this block to allow modulation of the TX oscillator. Trippler FM modulation is imparted to the TX oscillator at the fundamental frequency (fo). The modulated signal (fo) is then multiplied to the higher transmit frequency (3fo) by this trippler circuit.
Page 8
June 2001
RX VCC C8050 100u 470K S2 3K ANTENNA
the wireless IC company
SPEAKER C8550 10K 153 SW DPDT 3V BATTERY 5.6K 153 39K 104 2.2u 32 29 104 10K 100u 103 150K 24 104 220K TX VCC 10K 103 1u 24p 33p 2SCE3356 100nH 150p 68p 330nH MICROPHONE TX VCC TX ANT 28 27 26 25 31 30 104 2.2K S1 CALL KEY 470 20K MUTE ADJ. TX VCC 1.8M 10K 1u
Application Circuits
TX ANT RX ANT TX VCC RX VCC
RSSI
SPKIN
AFOUT
MICIN+
VSSSPK
REGOUT
49.405MHz 30PPM 5.6K
SPKOUT-
SPKOUT+
3K 1
8p
RXOSCB RXOSCE VCCRX VSSRX RFIN+
3.3uH 16.62MHz 30ppm 30pF
MICINMICOUT 23 MODIN 22 VR 21 VROUT 20 TXOSCB 19 TXOSCE 18 TXOUTB 17
220K
2 24p 3 100u 4 5 6
Page 9
68K 22p
RX VCC
26p*
RX ANT
27p
5133
330nH
TR5100
12p 7
RFINIFOUT LIMIN LIMDEC1 LIMDEC2 TXOUTC LIMOUT VSSLIM VCCTX VSSTX QUAD
5134
Mark *: Adjusting by crystal brands & antenne
5p 8 CFU455E
39p
9 100p 103 103
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
TX VCC 100u 103 RX VCC 82K 455K
TR5100
June 2001

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